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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク London penetration depth ： ウィキペディア英語版 London penetration depth In superconductors, the London penetration depth (usually denoted as $\backslash lambda$ or $\backslash lambda\_L$) characterizes the distance to which a magnetic field penetrates into a superconductor and becomes equal to $e$-1 times that of the magnetic field at the surface of the superconductor.〔 Typical values of λL range from 50 to 500 nm. The London penetration depth results from considering the London equation and Ampère's circuital law.〔 If one considers a superconducting medium occupying ''x''0, and weak external magnetic field B0 applied along ''z'' direction in the empty space ''x''0, then inside the superconductor the magnetic field is given by :$B(x)=B\_0\backslash exp\backslash left(-\backslash frac\backslash right),$〔 $\backslash lambda\_L$ can be seen as the distance across in which the magnetic field becomes $e$ times weaker. The form of $\backslash lambda\_L$ is found by this method to be :$\backslash lambda\_L=\backslash sqrt\}$,〔 for charge carriers of mass $m$, number density $n$ and charge $q$. The penetration depth is determined by the superfluid density, which is an important quantity that determines ''T''c in high-temperature superconductors. If some superconductors have some node in their energy gap, the penetration depth at 0 K depends on magnetic field because superfluid density is changed by magnetic field and vice versa. So, accurate and precise measurements of the absolute value of penetration depth at 0 K are very important to understand the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. London penetration depth can be measured by muon spin spectroscopy when the superconductor does not have an intrinsic magnetic constitution. The penetration depth is directly converted from the depolarization rate of muon spin in relation which ''σ''(''T'') is proportional to ''λ''2(''T''). The shape of ''σ''(''T'') is different with the kind of superconducting energy gap in temperature, so that this immediately indicates the shape of energy gap and gives some clues about the origin of superconductivity to us. ==See also== *Ginzburg–Landau theory 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「London penetration depth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.